Painting is an art that describes the blend of imagination and execution; the
composition of color and structure; the replication of realistic art on canvas.
It is the implementation of a born instinct, in colors bright and light.
Many artists have contributed to the respected profession of painting in various
ways. They have put in great effort in various segments of the 'colorful' field,
like abstract art, contemporary art, landscape, people and so on. Many of the
artists are influenced by the powerful movement impressionism, where the effect
is clearly shown in their paintings.
Among the European painters, there are a number of powerful names worth mentioning.
Vincent van Gogh, the legend was born in Holland who was deeply spiritual in
nature. His paintings captured his deep affinity to nature and the miserable
lives of workers and peasants in dark colors. Van Gogh was the first to discover
impressionism and is also one of the precursors of Fauvism and Expressionism.
The artist who placed greater importance for color in his paintings, Albrecht
Durer was also a great admirer of Leonardo da Vinci. The greater exponent of
Northern European Renaissance art, Durer was renowned mainly for his graphic
works. He was copied by artists across Europe for mainly of his innovative religious
and mythological scenes. His oil paintings Pond in the Woods, The Large Turf,
Willow Mill etc has gained wide acclaim.
Alexander Cabanel was a born artist. He became the most popular portrait painter
of his time through his ever remembering oil paintings like Paige, The Birth
of Venus, Ophelia and the Roman Monk.
A pure landscape painter, Alfred Sisley was totally unconcerned with the challenge
of history painting. An ardent impressionist, Sisley celebrated the intimate
qualities of the places he lived in, exploring the effects of mapping scenes
and a variety of viewpoints in different seasons. He had shown magic through
careful brushstrokes in The Aqueduct at Marley, Moret-sur-Loing, The Moret Bridge
in the Sunlight and so on.
Auguste Macke's paintings were a mix of impressionism, Fauvism, and Orphism.
All his paintings had life and were exceptionally unique from other Expressionists.
Macke used high toned colors like red, yellow, green defined by firm linear
patterns. His Toys and Biological Garden are worth mentioning.
The beauty and perfect finish of the Rose Garden, Pergola in Amalfi and Loggia
fra Como reminds us of the great artist, Carl Frederic Aagard. So do the paintings
of Camille Pissarro who established himself as one of the Master artists of
the nineteenth century. Pissarro, a painter of sunshine, expressed reality of
pictures, by capturing the effects of light in a canvas, so different and perfect.
Monet employed his own free techniques in his paintings breaking the hard and
dry rules already prevailed. He had a style broad, visible, and expressive.
He also explored the changes of light and color under various atmospheric conditions
and at various times of the day.
The great artist who was one of the most influential of the 19th century, Edward
Manet, inspired the impressionist style. His technique was unique, skill and
originality distinct. The oil paintings, Bouquet of Flowers, Boating, and Vase
of Peonies had gained wide acclaim.
Edvard Munch deserves special mention in the most attractive paintings showing
intense emotions in simplified forms and blocks of pure color. He pointed the
way for the development of German Expressionist painting. Rodin's the Thinker;
Man in a Cabbage field, The Scream all shows the instrumental development of
expressionism through his minute forms.
Lord Frederic Leighton's paintings were all highly professional and of competent
quality. The artist had a great knowledge of classical sculpture which was clearly
reflected in his paintings. Gustav Klimt is another great artist who was also
the founder of Vienna Secession, the Austrian Art Nouveau Movement. His mural
works especially for theaters was painted in an unremarkable naturalistic style.
Gustave Caillebotte was the earliest patrons of the impressionists. He was
influenced by the paintings of Degas and it was reflected in the treatment of
his urban subjects orchestrated by conventional craftsmanship. Henry Matisse
was one of the painters of primitive conventional art. He concentrated mainly
on the subjects like women, interiors and still lifes. A man of great intellect,
Matisse was the leader of Fauvism.
The vigor of the brushworks of Armand Guillaumin and the obvious lyrical zest
that informs his landscape bring him close to van Gogh. Oil paintings like Bridge
in the Mountains, Gust of Wind, Grainstacks etc replicate the brilliance and
skill of the painter. The Girl with a Pearl Earring and the Little Street of
the great artist called, Johannes Vermeer. He experimented with art bringing
out cool colors like blue, white and yellow in almost all his pictures.
Like Juan Gris who had lot of collection in his name, so do Kasimir Malevich
who painted in a representational style. Most of his paintings are in an abstract
from which shows the influence of contemporary abstract painters. For instance
is his, Taking in the Rye, Running Man, Prototype of a New Image and An English
Man in Moscow.
The enigmatic Mona Lisa reminds us of Leonardo Da Vinci who was always fascinated
by the mystery of human faces and the possibility of reading the motions of
the soul through facial expressions and gestures. Embodying the renaissance
idea of the artist as a creative thinker, he pioneered the style of balance,
serenity and technical accomplishment in a renaissance touch. Madonna Litta,
Portrait of a Musician, and Lady with an Ermine are his other painting wonders.
Among the European artists, the name of Michelangelo Buonarroti deserves special
mention. He was the first artist recognized as a genius by contemporaries. The
Creation of Adam, Creation of Sun, Moon and Plants, Temptation and Expulsion
from Paradise etc are his renowned works that stand apart.
Paul Klee was one of the most original masters of modern art. His exceptional
works include fantastic dream images, wit, and imagination. All his earlier
works were influenced by impressionism. The later surrealists of 20th century
were influenced by the artists' expressionist treatment of paintings.
Pierre Auguste Renoire is one of the world's most important artists. Renoir's
paintings show vibrant light and color, and harmony of lines. Unlike many impressionists
who focused on landscapes, he painted people in intimate and candid compositions.
A prolific painter, he made several thousand paintings. The warm sensuality
of Renoir's painting made his work some the best known and frequently reproduced
work in the history of art.
Thomas Gainsborough is one of the most famous portrait painter and landscape
painter of 18th century Britain. Gainsborough painted more from his observations
of nature than from any application of formal rules. The poetic sensibility
of his paintings caused another artist to say, On looking at them, we find tears
in our eyes and know not what brings them.
The Russian born French painter, Wassily Kandinsky was one of the most important
20th century artists. The creation by Kandinsky of purely abstract work was
not an abrupt change, but rather the fruit of a long development and maturation
of intense theoretical thought based on his personal experience of painting.
All his devotion to painting was born out of an internal instinct to draw. Gravitation,
Color Studies, Upwards 1929, etc are some of his famous works.
Joseph Stella pioneered Futurism in America. His paintings on Coney islands
were all the more famous. Old Brookylin Bridge, Metropolitan Port, City Buildings,
Factories, Dance of Spring etc are all his ever famous works. Antonio Jacobsen
was another brilliant artist was famous for his images of the ships in different
settings.
These painters express their instinct in different forms and styles employing
different techniques already prevailing and also innovative. But the collection
of all these painters is novel and enterprising in its own unique and distinct
ways.
There have been many who have brushed their own ideas in a form, colorful,
bright, unique and sometimes eccentric. They were all called in many names;
depending upon the category they belonged to or the kind of work they did. But
all those creative minds were known to the entire world exclusively as ‘artists’.
They were respected all over as innovative heads, who brought out expressions
from life, in a way profound and meaningful.
There were many well known American artists who have excelled themselves in
their respective fields of painting. To name a few are Albert Bierstadt, Arthur
Dove, Childe Hassam, Edward Hicks, Frederic Edwin Church, Remington, Charles
Stuart, John Frost, John Singer Sargent, Mary Cassatt, Steele, Thomas Cole,
Eakins, Thomas Moran, Homer and James Bard.
Best known for his large, detailed landscape paintings, Albert Bierstadt was
an ardent Romanticist. His canvasses were uncommonly large and his paintings
often reflected of those of his contemporaries. His choice of subjects and treatment
of light were different and often fell into the hands of critics. Because of
Bierstadts interest in mountain landscapes, Mount Bierstadt in Colorado is
named in his honor.
Arthur Dove was the first American artist to employ abstraction in his paintings.
Those abstractions he presented in his lively paintings were distracted from
the external world altogether. Those were bold overlapping forms that denied
illusionistic space while exuding a dynamic energy.
Frederic childe Hassam was an American impressionist painter. He was the leader
of the Ten American Painters group who seceded from the Society of American
Artists in 1898. He created his era’s finest urban scenes especially of
Europe city. He also drew vivid landscapes and figural works. Many of his paintings,
The Banyard, At the Piano and Mr.Hassam’s Garden at East Hampton are quite
famous.
Edward Hicks, one of the primitive artists, was best known for his various
versions of the painting Peacebale Kingdom. His subjects were mainly religious
along with farm scenes, events in Pensylvannia, and Bible stories. His Noah’s
Ark and The Cornell are quite famous.
An American landscape painter, Frederic Edwin Church, was a central figure
among the American landscape painters. For his spectacular and panoramic paintings
of the wilderness of North and South America, his canvases celebrated the drama
of the American frontier, expressing the expansionist and optimistic outlook
of the United States in the mid-nineteenth century.
The number of paintings of Stuart did increase his popularity as a painter
among the artists’ circle. James Madison, George Washington, John Adams
and James Moore are some among his most famous works. John Frost is another
important name that needs to be mentioned. His California paintings are quite
famous for the Sierra Mountain and desert scenes.
John Singer Sargent is one of the world’s greatest portraists mostly
focused on the aristocratic refinement and individual hauteur. He was perhaps
the most sought after american artist of the time. He was especially known for
his portraits which captured the individuality and personality of the sitters.
Even though he was no impressioonist painter, he often used impressionistic
technique.
Another famous American artist is Mary Cassatt. Her colors were too bright
and her portraits too accurate to be flattering to the subjects. From using
impressionism in her paintings she moved to simpler straightforward approach.
The name of Clement Steele also deserves special mention. He was considered
as one of the finest of the impressionist painters.
Thomas Cole is generally regarded as the first great American landscape painter.
A great artist, he drew from casts and old master and American landscape paintings.
Along with him can be remembered the name of Eakins who was often heralded as
the greatest American painter of the nineteenth century. His artwork found little
success in either American collections or by the critics because Americans at
the time preferred bright colors and classical idealism of artists like William
Bouguereau and Alexander Cabanel.
Thomas Moran was an artist of the Hudson River School whose vision of the Western
landscape was critical to the creation of Yellowstone National Park. His field
sketches and paintings captured the real excellence and beauty of the Yellowstone
region. The artist was extraordinarily skilled not only in his field, but as
an etcher too.
The American landscaper, Winslow Homer’s works, mostly engravings, are
characterized by clean outlines, simplified forms, dramatic contrast of light
and dark, and lively figure groupings. Those were the real qualities that remained
important throughout his career. Homer’s watercolor paintings show a fresh,
spontaneous, loose, yet natural style.
These painters make a mark of their own in the colorful history of painting.
There remain fantastic creatives of other skilled artists that have not been
mentioned here. Those works remain eternal and worth remembering as of the others.